Filling and binding composition



Patented Dec. 16, 1930 UNITED STATES OLE HENT K. STODDER, OF BBOOKIJINE, MASSACHUSETTS I FILLING AND IBINDIIQ'G COMPOSITION 1T0 Drawing. Application filed April 15,

This invention relates to improvements in filling and binding compositions for general usage, and the principal object is to provide a compositionin the form of a powder containing and'requirin no readily flammable ingredients and whic can be formed by the addition of water into a quick-setting plastic.

One of the objects of the invent-ion is to provide a filler and binder of the character specio fied which, when set, will be of a non-brittle tenacious character capable of being readily worked as by sawing, cutting, planing, or grinding, and which is capable of being readily surfaced and polished.

1a Another object of the invention is to provide a filling and binding composition which, while hard, will be of such consistency and tenacity as to permit nails to be driven into it without c'racln'ng the material and which will hold the nail firmly.

Fillers of granular composition are widely used in carpentry, cabinet making, and the like, to fill cracks, holes, nail holes, and other recesses in wood, and other fibrous material,

and another object of the invention is to provide a filling which is capable, when set,'not only of being surfaced by usual tools and machine, but which may be stained and polished or painted closely to resemble the enclosing or adjacent fibrous material.

Another object of the invention is to provide a filling and binding composition which when set, particularl under pressure, will be non-shrinking an strongly adhesive to the materials which contact with it, whether fibrous or metallic, and therefore adapted to. seal and cement joints not only of wood, and other fibrous materials, but also joints between metal parts including pipe 1o1nts and" the like. 1

Another feature of'the invention is to pro: vide a filler of the character described which, when set, is substantially insoluble. Another object of the invention is to provide a powdered composition comprising calcined gypsum having homogeneously 1ntermingled therewith such proportion of a chemically inert filler having water-absorbing properties thatwhen the powdered composition is thoroughly moistened sufiicient 1929. Serial 110355326.

moisture will be retained by the filler throughout the mass to insure complete hydration of the anhydrous calcium salt.

These and other objects and features of the invention are attained by providing a homogeneous' mixture of finely powdered calcined gypsum (plaster of Paris) and finely powdered adhesive, preferably of vegetable origin, and a chemically inert filler having watgr-absorbent properties in proper proportionsto produce the desired result.

Galcined gypsum (plaster of Paris) of a high grade, is finely ground and graded preferably by passing through a screen of atleast one hundred mesh per square inch, or finer. A suitable chemically inert filter having water-absorbent properties is used in powdered form and desirably is of a fineness also to pass through the screen of one hundred mesh per square inch.

While such materials as infuscrial earth, Fullers earth, tripoli, and the like, having water-absorbent properties maybe used as a filler, preferably volcanic ash finely pulverized to pass through-a screen of at least one hundred mesh per square inch, is employed as it is free from crystallization, high 1y absorbent of water, and of a light or neutral color, and readily capable of receiving and retaining a stain. I

A soluble adhesive in powdered form of a fineness to pass through a screen of one hundred mesh, or finer, is employed. Preferably the adhesive is of vegetable origin and desirably a derivative of starch. I have found that dextri'ne is particularly adapted for the purpose because of its tenacious ad herence, when moistened and dry, to the minute granules of the calcium salt, and the filler. If desired, coloring matter may be added in such quantities as may be desired. Powdered sienna, or powdered burnt sienna, is particularly adapted for such purpose as it is a clay composition which also acts in part as a filler. v

The ingredients above mentioned may be mixed in any suitable proportions comprising relatively small amounts of filler and adhesive. I have found that a very satisfactory composition is produced by the mixture of the Dextrine following ingredients in approximately the proportions stated Parts Calcined gypsum (plaster of Paris) 32 Volcanic ash 4 If desired any suitable coloring mattcrmay be added, but for general purposes I find that burnt sienna in the proportion of one part to the above proportions of ingredients 'ves satisfactory color and results, as it me fies the? oior of the mixture from approximately wlneto a light bufi' color which lends more rea 1y with usual wood work, and aids in producing substantially the same color when" stained concurrently with the staining of the adjacent or enclosing wood.

The powdered ingredients may be mixed in any suitable manner either before or after screening. Preferably a mixing machine is employed which will thoroughl intermingle the'ingredients to produce a omogeneous mixture. Inasmuch as the specific gravities' of the several ingredients employed are quite nearly the same, no Stratification will take place after the mixing operation is completed.

The homogeneous composition thus produced when packed in a dry atmosphere in hermetically sealed containers can be kept indefinitely without deterioration. If the packages are promptly closed after having been 0 sued to remove'a portion of the contents, Volcanic ash t e remainder will not be seriously afiected by absorption of moisture from the air if the package is kept thereafter in a reasonab llyhdry atmosphere.

' e powdered composition embodyin the invention can be economically produce and may be used for variouspur in addition to. those above mentione t is well adapted to producelcasts as the plastic composition does not shrink when setting. It is particularly useful in scul ture as when in a plastic state it can be readily moulded and after settin can be .cut by a knife, chisel, or other tool, wit out the likelihood of chi ping or fracture. It is especially adapte for use as a patching plaster.

When employed in wood work .it ofiers about the same resistance to sawing, planing,

or cutting, as soft wood such as pine or white wood and when surfaced, stained and polished presents substantially the same-appearance as the grain of the adjacent wood.

It is non-conductive of electricity and,

therefore, adapted for use in insulating electrical wires and joints.

In'view of the insolubility in water when set itjmay also be employed for caulking boats,

filling cracks in floors and various other uses in many difierentarts.

In fact, the composition' may said to be of Ipll'actically universal use.

sition consisting of a major is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is: v

1. A powdered filling and binding comportion of calcined gypsum and substanti y minor, a proximately equal, portions of dextrine an a chemically inert filler having water-absorbent pro rties homogeneously intermingled in we proportions as to produce,'when thoroughly moistened, a plastic mass which will set without shrinkin and which when set is hard, tenacious an readily penetrable by driven nails without break or cracking.

2. A powdered filling an binding compo sition consisting of a major portion ofcalcined gypsum and minor portions, approximately ten r cent, each, of dextrine and a chemically mert filler ha water-absorbent roperties homogeneo y intermingled and in such proportions as to produce when thoroughly moistened a plastic mass which will set without shrinking and which when set is hard, tenacious and non-brittle and capable of being readily surfaced, stained, and polished to simulate adjacent or enclosing fibrous material.

3. Apowdered and binding composition com risin the ollowing ingredients in substantially t e following proportions Calcined Dextrine 4 In testimony whereof, I have signed 111 name to this ification.

LEMIENT K. STODDER.

. P t. gypsum (plaster of Paris) Z gthus described the invention, what 

